64 articles - From Friday Dec 22 2023 to Friday Dec 29 2023
Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Am J Clin Nutr |
|---|
Dietary indices underpinning front-of-pack nutrition labels and health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Dietary indices underpinning most common FOP nutrition labels and reflecting nutrient-poor diets showed a tendency towards an increased incidence of CVD and cancer, but the observed effects were quite modest in magnitude. Further studies at the population level are needed to support the widely shared hypothesis that FOP labels, possibly in conjunction with other interventions, may contribute to reduce non-communicable disease risk. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Outcomes and endpoints of postoperative recurrence in Crohn's Disease: systematic review and consensus conference. Agencies recommend the use of clinical evaluations, as in the case of luminal CD, and do not recognize primary endpoints based solely on endoscopy. This consensus has led to agreement on the need to define postoperative endoscopy- and/or imaging-based endpoints. |
Scoring indices for perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease: A systematic review. There are no fully valid, reliable, and responsive clinical disease or radiological indices for PFCD. Although the radiological indices demonstrated responsiveness and reliability, well-defined cut-offs for response and remission are lacking. Future research should focus on establishing standardized definitions and thresholds for outcomes. |
The Impact of Dietary Interventions on the Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review. Diet modulates the gut microbiota, and this may have implications for IBD; however, the body of evidence does not currently support clear dietary patterns or food constituents that are associated with a specific microbiota profile or disease marker in IBD patients. Further research is required with a focus on robust and consistent methodology to achieve improved identification of associations. |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Am J Clin Nutr |
|---|
Effect of cocoa extract supplementation on cognitive function: results from the clinic subcohort of the COSMOS trial. Among 573 older adults who underwent repeat in-person, detailed neuropsychological assessments over 2 y, daily CE supplementation, compared with placebo, showed no overall benefits for global or domain-specific cognitive function. Possible cognitive benefits of CE among those with poorer diet quality warrant further study. |
Effects of Chinese Heart-Healthy Diet on Blood Lipids, Glucose and Estimated 10-year Cardiovascular Risk Among Chinese Adults: Results on Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial. The CHH diet reduced TC and 10-year cardiovascular risk and was likely to reduce blood glucose among Chinese adults with mild hypertension. Further studies with longer term are warranted. |
Fish consumption and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from diet are positively associated with cognitive function in older adults even in the presence of exposure to lead, cadmium, selenium, and methylmercury: a cross-sectional study using NHANES 2011 - 2014 data. Our findings support dietary recommendations for older adults to consume fish to maintain cognitive function, likely due to biomolecular actions of |
Food, nutrition, and fertility: from soil to fork. Participants developed research proposals to address the priority evidence gaps. The workshop findings serve as a foundation for future prioritization of scientific research to address evidence gaps related to food, nutrition, and fertility. |
Fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children - The DIPP birth cohort study. In children genetically at risk for T1D, the consumption of cruciferous vegetables was associated with decreased risk of IA and consumption of berries with decreased risk of T1D. in addition, the consumption of banana was associated with increased risk of IA and T1D. |
High-dose vitamin D3 supplementation in pregnancy and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in the children at age 10: A randomized clinical trial. Higher maternal preintervention 25(OH)D was associated with a decreased risk of autism, lower autistic symptom load, and decreased risk of ADHD diagnosis, but high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation in pregnancy had no effect on risk of autism and ADHD. |
Intake and biomarkers of folate and folic acid as determinants of chemotherapy-induced toxicities in patients with colorectal cancer: a cohort study. This study suggests a potential association between folic acid and capecitabine-induced toxicities, providing a rationale to study diet-drug interactions and raise further awareness of the use of dietary supplements during oncological treatment. Clinical trial details |
Mixed nut consumption improves brain insulin sensitivity: a randomized, single-blinded, controlled, crossover trial in older adults with overweight or obesity. Longer-term mixed nut consumption affected insulin action in brain regions involved in the modulation of metabolic and cognitive processes in older adults with overweight/obesity. Intrahepatic lipid content and different cardiometabolic risk markers also improved, but peripheral insulin sensitivity was not affected. |
Postnatal growth in small vulnerable newborns: A longitudinal study of 2 million Brazilians using routine register-based linked data. Children born preterm seem to reach L/HAZ and WAZ growth trajectories lower than those attained by children born at term, a condition aggravated among the most vulnerable. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
Characteristics of Interventional Trials for Patients Living With Intestinal Stoma Registered in ClinicalTrials.gov With a Focus on Inflammatory Bowel Disease. There is a paucity of research in IBD patients with IS, with the majority focusing on devices and surgical procedures. There have been no drug trials evaluating efficacy in patients with CD and IS. There is an urgent need to identify barriers to enrollment and develop eligibility and outcome measures that enable the inclusion of patients with CD with stoma into clinical trials. |
Factors Associated With Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in SPARC-IBD. This is the first comprehensive large-cohort assessment of how EIMs relate to one another at the individual vs systems levels. Further, our analysis is the first to recognize specific locations of colon involvement associated with EIMs of IBD, regardless of IBD type. These results are important in identifying patients at risk of developing future EIMs and may help with risk stratification when choosing treatments. |
Fungal Microbiota Composition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: Characterization in Different Phenotypes and Correlation With Clinical Activity and Disease Course. This study shows important differences in the mycobiome in IBD and within phenotypes. Selected fungal species were associated with complicated disease and the need of surgery in CD. This work adds to our understanding of the role of fungi in IBD, with potential clinical implications. |
Oral vs Intravenous Discharge Antibiotic Regimens in the Management of Intra-abdominal Abscesses in Penetrating Crohn's Disease. In this retrospective, multicenter cohort of CD patients with intra-abdominal abscess, surgical outcomes were similar between patients receiving PO vs IV antibiotics at discharge. Patients treated with IV antibiotics demonstrated a decreased risk for nonsurgical readmission. Further prospective trials are needed to better delineate optimal route of antibiotic administration in patients with penetrating CD. |
Phosphoproteomics Reveals Novel Insights into the Pathogenesis and Identifies New Therapeutic Kinase Targets of Ulcerative Colitis. Our research deepened the understanding of UC pathogenesis through the lens of phosphorylation. Moreover, we identified CDK2 as a new potential therapeutic target for UC, revealing a novel role for CDK2 in necroptosis. |
Single-center Experience With Upadacitinib for Adolescents With Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Disease. While awaiting pediatric registration trials, our data suggest that UPA is effective in inducing and maintaining SF-CR in adolescents with highly-refractory IBD with an acceptable safety profile. |
Total Proctocolectomy vs Subtotal/total Colectomy for Neoplasia in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. In patients with PSC-IBD, there was no dysplasia or neoplasia in those who underwent subtotal colectomy as opposed to the IPAA group. Subtotal colectomy may be considered a viable surgical option in patients with rectal sparing PSC-IBD if adequate endoscopic surveillance is implemented. |
Understanding Medication Nonadherence in Crohn's Disease Patients: A Qualitative Evaluation. There are clear cognitive, behavioral, and relational factors that guide patients' medication-related decision-making. Several of the factors share features of other behavioral change and decision-making processes, while others are specific to the experience of patients with CD. A fuller understanding of these factors is essential to developing effective behavioral interventions to improve adherence to evidence-based treatment recommendations. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Baseline serum and stool microbiome biomarkers predict clinical efficacy and tissue molecular response after ritlecitinib induction therapy in ulcerative colitis. Blood and microbiome biomarkers stratify endoscopic, histologic, and tissue molecular response to ritlecitinib, which may help guide future precision medicine approaches to UC treatment. |
Early Intestinal Ultrasound Response to Biologic Therapy Predicts Endoscopic Remission in Children with Ileal Crohn's Disease: Results from the Prospective Super Sonic Study. Early change in TI BWT on IUS is highly predictive of ER in children with CD and superior to symptoms and CRP. Our findings suggest that IUS could be used for treatment optimization and tight control to guide T2T strategy. |
Efficacy and Safety of the Anti-Mucosal Addressin Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Antibody Ontamalimab in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Ulcerative Colitis or Crohn's Disease. Ontamalimab 75 mg was effective with no safety concerns as induction and maintenance therapy for patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis. |
Epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming of fibroblasts in Crohn's disease strictures reveals histone deacetylases as therapeutic targets. Increased HDAC expression profiles, H3K27ac hypoacetylation, a significant glycolytic phenotype, and metabolic priming, characterise SCD-derived as compared to NSCD fibroblasts. Our results reveal a novel epigenetic component to Collagen-I regulation and TGFß-mediated CD fibrosis. HDAC inhibitor therapy may 'reset' the epigenetic changes associated with fibrosis. |
Risankizumab Induction Therapy Achieves Early Symptom Improvements That Are Associated With Future Clinical and Endoscopic Outcomes in Crohn's Disease: Post Hoc Analysis of the ADVANCE, MOTIVATE, and FORTIFY Phase 3 Studies. After the first intravenous RZB induction dose, significantly greater rates of symptom improvement versus PBO were achieved. Improvements could be observed as early as week 1 and were predictive of week 12 and 52 clinical and endoscopic improvement. |
| Liver Transpl |
Development of a model to predict the risk of early graft failure after adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation: An ELTR study. The model also stratified long-term graft survival (p<0.001), which ranged from 87% in the low risk group to 60% in the high risk group. In conclusion, based on a panel of donor and recipient variables, an ANN can contribute to decision making in ALDLT by predicting EGF risk. |
Discarded livers tested by normothermic machine perfusion in the VITTAL trial: Secondary end points and 5-year outcomes. This first report of long-term outcomes of high-risk livers assessed by normothermic machine perfusion demonstrated excellent 5-year survival without adverse effects in al organs functioning beyond 1 year (ClinicalTrials. gov number NCT02740608). |
Financial burden after liver transplantation is significant among commercially insured adults: A large U.S. National Cohort. In a large national cohort of commercially insured LT recipients, financial liability was highly variable across sociodemographic and clinical characteristics; nearly 1 out 2 LT recipients owed>$5K for 1 year of post-LT care. Transplant programs should help patients anticipate potential costs and identify vulnerable populations who would benefit from enhanced financial counseling. |
Neighborhood-level social determinants of health measures independently predict receipt of living donor liver transplantation in the U.S. Of the 24 neighborhood-level SDoH measures studied, the SDI was most different between the two transplant types, with LDLT recipients having lower SDI (i. e., less socioeconomic disadvantage) than DDLT recipients (median SDI 37 vs 47; p 40. |
Quantitative methods for optimizing patient outcomes in liver transplantation. In this review, we describe quantitative methods applied to organ transplantation, with a focus on LT. These include quantitative methods for 1) utilizing and allocating donor organs equitably and optimally, 2) improving surgical planning through preoperative imaging, 3) monitoring of graft and immune status, 4) determining immunosuppressant doses, and 5) establishing and maintaining the health of graft and patient post LT. |
Waitlist and post-transplant outcomes of pregnancy-related acute liver failure in the United States. In this UNOS database analysis of ALF among women of childbearing age, the waitlist outcome is better in women with P-ALF compared to NP-ALF. Among women with P-ALF, the 90-day WLM is worse for HELLP vs AFLP. Further studies are needed to improve the management of HELLP and prevent the development of ALF in this subgroup population. |
| Pancreas |
Beneficial Effects of 6-Gingerol on Fatty Pancreas Disease in High-Fat High-Fructose Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome Rat Model. 6-Gingerol could attenuate pancreatic lipid accumulation and improve the cell number of a- and ß-cells in the pancreas, leading to improvements in fatty pancreas disease. |
Machine Learning of Histopathological Images Predicts Recurrences of Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma With Adjuvant Treatment. Results indicate that machine learning with the integration of artificial intelligence-driven evaluation of histopathological images and conventional clinical data provides relevant prognostic information for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. |
Prospective Evaluation of Sexual Dysfunction in Men With Chronic Pancreatitis: A Pilot Study. This pilot study shows that SD is present in 60% males with CP. No difference was noted in the QOL of patients with and without SD, albeit limited by our small sample size. Physicians caring for CP patients should routinely inquire for symptoms of SD and offer a urology referral if indicated. |
Quality of Life and Pain in Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis. One aspect that has an impact on QoL impairment is pain which perception is governed by the same brain regions in which abnormalities result in depression and anxiety. QoL in CP patients also depends on the patient's age, comorbidities, and level of education. |
| Pancreatology |
Opportunistic screening for osteopathy with routine abdominal computed tomography scan in chronic pancreatitis. Abdominal CT images, which are routinely performed in chronic pancreatitis, can be used for opportunistic screening of osteoporosis and osteopenia without additional cost or radiation exposure. |
Prognostic impact of the distance from the root of splenic artery to tumor in the patients with pancreatic body or tail cancer. DST did not affect prognosis in patients with pancreatic body/tail cancer. Neoadjuvant therapy followed by DP may be desirable for patients with a DST = 0 tumor. For those with a 0 |
Reconsidering resectable oncological conditions in pancreatic tail cancer: A multicenter retrospective study on prognostic factors in pancreatic tail cancer after resection (HOPS Pt-01). The MLM identified certain Pt-PC cases warranting consideration beyond resectable during clinical management. Particular attention should be paid to conditions requiring CVR, even though immortal time bias remains unresolved with adjuvant treatment. |
Remission of organ failure in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis treated by somatostation, octreotide and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Somatostatin or its analogs and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors are promising for OF prevention and remission in patients with predicted SAP. The acceptance of combined strategies in the real world has increased, and the occurrence of SAP has decreased annually. |
The burden of young-onset pancreatic cancer and its risk factors from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019. The global incidence, death and DALY rates of YOPC have significantly increased over 3 decades. Certain regions and nations are witnessing a higher increase in this trend. There is an urgent need for global efforts targeting preventable causes of YOPC. |
Understanding the role of frailty in local and systemic complications and healthcare resource utilization in acute pancreatitis: Findings from a national cohort. Frailty in AP patients is linked to elevated rates of local and systemic complications, increased mortality, and higher healthcare costs. Assessing frailty is crucial in AP management as it provides a valuable tool for risk stratification and identifying high-risk patients, thereby improving overall outcomes. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
|---|
| Pancreas |
Acute Pancreatitis: Current Clinical Approaches, Molecular Pathophysiology, and Potential Therapeutics. Inflammatory outcomes in acute pancreatitis are driven by several unique molecular signals, which compound to promote both local and systemic inflammation. The identification of master cytokine regulators is critical to developing therapeutics, which reduce inflammation through several mechanisms. |
misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
|---|
| Liver Transpl |
| Pancreas |